AST (Aspartate Transaminase)
AST is one of the two major liver enzymes and is crucial for amino acid metabolism. AST is released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged.
ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase)
ALT is the second major liver enzyme and it's role is to convert proteins into energy inside the liver. ALT is also released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged.
The ratio of the serum aspartate to alanine amino-transferase levels (AST/ALT) is often used as a clue to the etiology of the underlying liver disease.
GGT (Gamma Glutamyl Transferase)
GGT is an enzyme found in high levels in the liver, kidney, pancreas, heart, and brain. It is a measurement for oxidative stress and can help detect diseases in the liver or bile ducts.
Highly sensitive C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) measures general levels of inflammation in your body and can assess the risk or presence of liver fibrosis, chronic liver disease and other issues.
Albumin is the most abundant protein in your blood and is produced exclusively by the liver. Low levels can signal that the liver isn't synthesizing proteins properly.
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down, and the liver is responsible for clearing it. Elevated bilirubin can indicate the liver is struggling with this essential detoxification task.
Your lipid profile measures the key fats and cholesterol particles in your blood, all produced, processed, or cleared by the liver. Imbalances are among the earliest and most common signs of fatty liver disease.
ApoA is the primary protein component of HDL cholesterol and is produced in the liver. It gives a more precise picture of your liver's ability to produce protective lipoproteins than HDL alone.
ApoB is the main protein found on LDL and other harmful cholesterol particles, and is metabolized by the liver. It provides a more accurate measure of the number of damaging particles your liver is processing.
The liver acts as the body's blood sugar regulator, storing and releasing glucose as needed. Abnormal fasting glucose can be an early warning sign of fatty liver disease and metabolic dysfunction.
Insulin is the hormone that tells your cells to absorb glucose, and the liver is one of its primary targets. Elevated insulin levels are a leading driver of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Ferritin is the protein your body uses to store iron, and the majority of it is stored in the liver. Elevated ferritin is a common marker of liver inflammation and can indicate conditions ranging from fatty liver to iron overload.
Iron is an essential mineral, and the liver is the body's main iron storage organ. Both excess and deficient iron levels can damage liver cells, making it a critical marker in a liver assessment.
UIBC measures how much reserve capacity your blood has to bind additional iron. Paired with other iron markers, it helps reveal whether the liver is under stress from iron imbalance.
UIBC measures how much reserve capacity your blood has to bind additional iron. Paired with other iron markers, it helps reveal whether the liver is under stress from iron imbalance.
UIBC measures how much reserve capacity your blood has to bind additional iron. Paired with other iron markers, it helps reveal whether the liver is under stress from iron imbalance.
Transferrin saturation reflects the percentage of your iron-transport protein that is carrying iron. High TSAT can signal iron overload, a condition that causes iron to deposit in the liver and cause progressive damage.
HbA1c measures your average blood sugar over the past 2–3 months. Chronically elevated HbA1c is strongly associated with the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
The FLI is a validated clinical algorithm that combines several of your markers to estimate the likelihood of fatty liver. It provides a non-invasive screening score to help identify fatty liver before symptoms appear.
The HSI is a validated scoring tool that estimates the presence and severity of fat accumulation in the liver. It offers an additional non-invasive layer of insight alongside the Fatty Liver Index.
HOMA-IR is calculated from your fasting glucose and insulin levels to quantify insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is now recognised as one of the primary drivers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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